Ukuthetha oko kulungileyo kwiimveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezivela eChina, iimveliso ze-elektroniki kufuneka zikwazi ukukhupha ishumi eliphezulu.I-China lilizwe elikhulu lemveliso eyaziwayo, ineemveliso ze-elektroniki ezininzi, ezibandakanya: iimveliso ze-elektroniki zedijithali, iimveliso zombane ze-analog, izinto zombane zabathengi, ii-elektroniki zamandla, iifowuni eziphathwayo, njl.Inqaku liza kwazisa umxholo ofanelekileyo weemveliso ze-elektroniki ezithengiswayo ezivela eTshayina:
1. Cebisa izizathu ezibalulekileyo zentengiso ye-elektroniki evela eTshayina:
2. Ukuhanjiswa kweqela leqela le-elektroniki laseTshayina
3. China Iimveliso Electronic Famous uMboniso
4. Ukuthengwa kwe-Intanethi kwe-China ye-Electronics
5. Izinto ezininzi ekufuneka uzazi phambi kokuba uthenge iimveliso zombane ezivela eTshayina
6. Uthutho lwemveliso ye-elektroniki
Cebisa ngezizathu ezibalulekileyo zentengiso ye-elektroniki evela eTshayina
1. Ingeniso ephezulu
Iindleko zokuthenga iimveliso ze-elektroniki zomgangatho ofanayo ezivela e-China ziphantsi kakhulu kunamanye amazwe, unokufumana inzuzo ephezulu, yingakho abathengi bethandangenisa nge-elektroniki ukusuka eTshayina.Ngaphezu koko, ixabiso leemveliso ze-elektroniki lihlala liphezulu kunelo leemveliso eziqhelekileyo, inani leemveliso ezifuna ukuthengiswa lingaphantsi kakhulu kunempahla eqhelekileyo.Oku kukwathetha ukuba umthamo ofanayo wezikhongozeli unokuthumela iimveliso ezininzi, kukho amathuba okuthengisa amaninzi okufumana inzuzo eninzi.
2. Uluhlu olubanzi lweentlobo ezintsha zeemveliso
Ukongeza kwisitayile esiqhelekileyo, unokufumana ezinye iimveliso ezizodwaImakethi yaseTshayina yeevenkile ze-elektroniki.Ngenxa yokuba abavelisi baseTshayina bahlala begcina intsingiselo, unokufumana imveliso entsha enoyilo lwangaphambili kunye nenqaku.Ii-elektroniki ezipholileyo ziya kuhlala zitsala amehlo abantu abaninzi, kwaye ube nesiseko esiyimpumelelo kwishishini lakho ukusa kumlinganiselo othile.Ngokuqinisekileyo, kufuneka udibanise isicwangciso esihle sokuthengisa ukukhuthaza ukuthengisa.
Eyona idumileyo Top 10 China Electronics: ifowuni ephathwayo, ikhamera yedijithali, tablet, TWS earplugs, imidiza electronic, iirobhothi smart, iiwotshi smart, drones, izithethi Bluetooth, ulawulo olude ezikrelekrele.
Ukuhanjiswa kweqela leshishini lombane
Imakethi yaseTshayina yeevenkile ze-elektroniki inababoneleli kunye neemveliso abazizityebi.Yiya kwimarike yaseTshayina ukukhetha iimveliso zombane, inokukunceda uqonde ngcono umgangatho kunye nexabiso lemveliso.Apha sicebisa ukuba undwendwele iimarike ezinkulu ezimbini ze-elektroniki zaseTshayina:
1. I-Shenzhen - imarike enkulu ye-elektroniki yaseTshayina
Indawo yokuveliswa kwemveliso ye-elektroniki yaseTshayina ikakhulu ineShenzhen, Foshan, Zhongshan, Guangzhou, Ningbo.Eyona idumileyo yiShenzhen, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Silicon Valley yaseChina".Ungafumana iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso ze-elektroniki.Kuba iShenzhen ineentengiso ezininzi ze-elektroniki, ezi zilandelayo zazisa eyona marike idumileyo ye-elektroniki eShenzhen.
Huaqiang North Electronics Market
IMarike ye-Huaqiang yaseMantla ye-Electronics ikwi-Wholesale yase-Huaqiang, kwiSithili sase-Futian, e-Shenzhen, yeyona ndawo inkulu yase-China, kunye neyona marike yorhwebo yobuchwephesha yombane.Apho ungafumana iimveliso ezininzi zekhompyuter, i-elektroniki yabathengi kunye nezixhobo ezihlakaniphile, kwaye unokufumana lula i-elektroniki yamva nje kwimarike.Kukwakho nezinye iivenkile zohlobo ezifana nedrone ye-DJI, iiselfowuni zeHuawei.
Imarike ithengisa iidokodo ngenyanga, ngoko ke abanye ababoneleli basenokungabi nako ixesha elide, unokuzama ukuzifumana kwiivenkile ze-intanethi.Ukuba uya emarikeni, kunokwenzeka ukuba udibane neengxaki zonxibelelwano.Ababoneleli abaninzi bazi IsiNgesi esincinci kuphela, kukho iarhente yokuthenga okanye inguqulelo ukukunceda uqonde ulwazi lwemveliso nzulu.
Shenzhen SEG Electronics Market
I-Shenzhen SEG Electronics Market ifumaneka kwi-intersection ye-Shennan Middle Road kunye ne-Huaqiang North Road "SEG Square".Kukho ngaphezu kwe-3,000 yeevenkile, ezigubungela izinto zombane, izixhobo zekhompyuter kunye neemveliso ezijikelezileyo, izixhobo zefowuni ephathwayo, iimveliso ezikrelekrele, njl.njl., amakhulu amawaka eentlobo ngeentlobo.Abasebenzi basezimayini beBitcoin, abasebenzi basezimayini baseTanfri nabo badume kakhulu apha.Unokufumana kwakhona umenzi wemveliso ye-elektroniki yesiko.
| IMarike ye-Electronics yaseShenzhen kunye neeMveliso eziphambili | |
| Indawo | Iimveliso eziphambili |
| IsiTongtian Telecom Imarike | Izixhobo zefowuni ephathwayo, isikrini se-iPhone, ibhokisi ephakathi, ibhetri, kunye nokupakishwa kwefowuni ephathwayo |
| Flying Times Building | I-smartphone, ukulungiswa kwe-smartphone |
| Electronic Iteknoloji Ukwakha | Amandla eselula, ikhadi le-USB, umboneleli wesithethi seBluetooth, ukupakishwa kwesiko |
| SEG Electronic Market | Ii-elektroniki ezitshiphu, izincedisi zefowuni ephathwayo, ithebhulethi, umqamelo womoya, i-earphone, izixhobo zokubeka iliso, iimveliso zekhompyuter |
| Huaqiang North Electronics Market | Ikhamera yeBrand, ibhokisi yeTV, isithethi, ukukhanya kwe-LED, irekhoda yemoto |
| SEG News Market | Elizinto ze-electronic / i-case yefowuni ephathwayo / izincedisi eziphezulu zefowuni eziphathwayo / itshaja yefowuni ephathwayo / izincedisi |
| IMarike yoKhuseleko lwePasifiki | Iikhamera zeCCTV, iikhamera zepinhole, izitshixo zombane, izixhobo zokhuseleko |
| Yuanwang Digital Market | I-iPhone, i-iPad, iMac/i-Xiaomi/i-Meizu engasebenziyo kunye nezinye iifowuni eziphathwayo |
| Mingtonng Digital Market | Faka iifowuni, iitafile kunye nezixhobo zePC |
2. Imarike ekhethekileyo: Imarike ye-Yiwu
Yiwu imakethiyimarike ekhethekileyo.Nangona ingeyontengiso yobuchwephesha yeemveliso zombane, unokufumana iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso zombane kule marike.Indawo yemveliso ye-elektroniki ifumaneka kwiYiwu International Trade City D2F3, F4, ehleliweyo, ngaphezu kwababoneleli abangama-500.Uninzi lweemveliso ze-elektroniki ababonelela ngazo zivela eShenzhen, eGuangzhou.Amanye amaxabiso anokuba phezulu kancinci kunaseShenzhen.Kwinani elikhulu lokuthenga i-wholesale kunye neemveliso ze-elektroniki, ixabiso elinikezelwe ngumthengisi liya kuba lincinci kune-Shenzhen.Ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, i-Yiwu ifanelekile kwiimveliso ezincinci kunye nezingabizi kakhulu okanye izixhobo, njenge-silicone ifowuni yeselula, iqokobhe le-ipad, njl njl. Uyilo lokuhlaziya umthengisi apha lukhawuleza kakhulu.Ukuba ufuna ukuthenga izixhobo zombane ezincinci ezinje ngabapheki berayisi, oomatshini bekofu, iioveni, ndincoma ukuba uye kwimarike yeYiwu uyokuthenga, kuba zininzi iibrendi eziphezulu zaseTshayina ezivuliweyo apha.
China Iimveliso Electronic Famous uMboniso
Ukuba ufuna ukufumana i-electronics yamva nje okanye ababoneleli abakhethekileyo e-China, ukuthatha inxaxheba kumboniso lukhetho oluhle.Iqonga lokudityaniswa kwetekhnoloji yaseTshayina yamva nje, ndiyakholelwa ukuba kuya kufuneka ufumane into.
1. Canton Fair
ICanton Fairibanjelwa eGuangzhou eGuangzhou minyaka le.Ixesha likwintwasahlobo nasekwindla.Njengowona mboniso udumileyo kunye nommeli worhwebo eTshayina, phantse zonke iintlobo zeempahla ziqokelele uninzi lwababoneleli kunye nabathengi minyaka le.Ukuba ufuna kuphela ukutyelela imveliso ye-elektroniki, unokukhetha ukuthatha inxaxheba kwisigaba sokuqala seCanton Fair.Ukufumana iinkcukacha, nceda ubhekisele kwintshayelelo yeCanton Fair.
Idilesi: No. 382, Huang Middle Road, Guangzhou 510335, China
Abaphulaphuli: URhwebo oluVulekileyo lwabaphulaphuli
2. Hong Kong Electronics Show
Ngowona mboniso mkhulu we-elektroniki e-Asiya, obanjwa eHong Kong rhoqo entwasahlobo, ekwindla.Ukongeza kubaboneleli baseTshayina, ababoneleli nge-elektroniki abavela kwihlabathi liphela baya kuthatha inxaxheba kwi-Hong Kong Electronics Show.Unokufumana itekhnoloji entsha kunye ne-elektroniki yamva nje, unokufumana nababoneleli abatsha.
Idilesi: Iziko leMboniso yeNkomfa yaseHong Kong
Umbukeli: Abaphulaphuli abakhethekileyo kuphela
IWebhusayithi eNxulumene nayo: https://www.hktdc.com/
3. Electronica China
Nangona kungekho Canton Fair kwimbali ixesha elide kangaka, umboniso ovelayo waqala ngo-2002 uye waba ngumboniso odumileyo weemveliso zombane.Inani labathathi-nxaxheba lelona libalaseleyo kumboniso wesizwe wokwenziwa kwe-elektroniki, kugxilwe kumacandelo e-elektroniki, iinkqubo kunye nezicelo.
Indawo: NECC (Shanghai)
Abaphulaphuli: urhwebo kuphela
IiWebhusayithi eziyeleleneyo: https://www.electronica-china.com
4. Cwieme
Rhoqo ngonyaka, idibanisa abathengisi abaninzi kunye nabavelisi abavela kwihlabathi liphela.Ngumboniso wobuchwephesha ogxile ekujikeni kweekhoyili kunye nokuveliswa kombane, kwaye kukho abathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi.Ukuba ufuna ababoneleli abaqeqeshiweyo e-China kwiimveliso zakho zobungcali, i-CWieme iya kuba ngumboniso ongafanelanga ukuphoswa.
Indawo: IHolo yeMiboniso yeHlabathi yaseShanghai, enguNombolo 1099, indlela yeSizwe yoMboniso, eTshayina, ngo-200126
Umbukeli: Abaphulaphuli abakhethekileyo kuphela
IiWebhusayithi eziyeleleneyo: www.coilwindingexpo.com/home
5. Guangzhou Electric Technology Technology
Eli liqonga lomboniso wobuchwephesha obupheleleyo kwikhaya elikrelekrele kunye nezakhiwo zombane kunye nobunjineli.
Idilesi: I-Pazhou Complex, umboniso woRhwebo lokuNgenisa kunye nokuThumela ngaphandle kweMveliso yaseTshayina, iNombolo 382, iHuangzhong Road, iGuangzhou 510335
Umbukeli: Ingcali kuphela
Iwebhusayithi eyeleleneyo: Https://guangzhou-electrical-building-technology.hk.Messefrankfurt.com/guangzhou/en.html
Ukuba ufuna ukufumana umboneleli eTshayina, umboniso awukuphela kwendlela, kwaye ungabhekisa ku: Ungamfumana njani umthengisi.
Ukuthenga kwi-Intanethi yaseTshayina yoMbane
Ukuya eTshayina ukufumana ababoneleli ngobuqu kuneengenelo ezininzi, kodwa kukwathatha umgudu omkhulu kunye nexesha.Abanye abathengi banethemba lokuba bazokwazi ukuthengisa iimveliso ze-elektroniki zaseTshayina kwi-intanethi, ke nazi iiwebhusayithi ezilungileyo zeemveliso ze-elektroniki ezithengiswayo kuwe:
1. ILANGA
Inani elikhulu leefowuni eziphathwayo, iikhompyuter, izincedisi, kunye neeperipherals, izixhobo zokubeka iliso, njl njl. inokufumaneka kwi-Sunsky.Le webhusayithi iqulunqwe ikakhulu ngabasasazi kunye nabathengisi beemveliso ze-elektroniki zaseTshayina kwaye ikomkhulu layo liseShenzhen.Ngenxa yenethiwekhi yayo enkulu yokusebenza, amawaka eodolo ahanjiswa ngempumelelo yonke imihla, egubungela amazwe angaphezu kwama-200 kunye nemimandla.
2. I-IC-stocks
Ikakhulu isuka kwi "China Silicon Valley"-umsebenzi womthengisi wemveliso we-elektroniki waseShenzhen.Banamava achubekileyo okubonelela abathengi ngokwenziwa kunye nokubonelela ngamacandelo e-elektroniki, kubandakanywa: i-diode, izixhobo zamandla e-elektroniki kunye namanye amacandelo e-elektroniki.
3. dealexTreme
Esi siza sibonelela umthengi ngexabiso elikhuphisanayo kakhulu lemveliso ye-elektroniki.Ukuba ufuna ukufumana iimveliso ezinamaxabiso ancomekayo kakhulu, qiniseka ukuba urhuma kule ndawo kwaye uqhubeke nokunikela ingqalelo kwimisebenzi abayiqalileyo.
4. Chinazrh
Iimveliso eziphambili ziquka uthotho lweemveliso zombane ezifana neeselfowuni, izixhobo zeGPS, icuba lombane, kunye neelaptops.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeemveliso.Iwebhusayithi ayibeki ubungakanani obuncinci bomyalelo.Ungaodola enye okanye ihoseyile kunye nomthengisi ngokweemfuno zakho.
5. Okona kulungileyo
Ukuba ufuna isixa esincinci sokuodola iimveliso ze-elektroniki, i-GEARBEST ikulungele ngakumbi.Ungaodola ibhetshi encinci kwaye ube namaxabiso afikelelekayo kakhulu.
6. INKCAZELO ENCINANE
Ukusuka kumenzi ngokuthe ngqo kumthengi, le webhusayithi ishiya amanyathelo aphakathi.Ukubonelela ngamakhulu amawaka eemveliso, ixabiso lihenda kakhulu.I-smartphone, iimveliso ze-elektroniki, iikhonsoli zomdlalo, njl., zinokuthengwa apha.
7. sellersuniononline.com
Le webhusayithi iqulethe i-500,000+ yeemveliso zamaTshayina, ezibandakanya izinto zokudlala, iimpahla zasekhitshini, ukuhombisa ikhaya, izinto zokubhala, njl., kuquka i-10,000+ yeemveliso ze-elektroniki.Abathengisi kunye neemveliso kule webhusayithi zonke ziqinisekisiwe.Awudingi ukuchitha ixesha elininzi ukuze uqinisekise ukuba umthengisi uthembekile, ukuze ubeke ixesha elininzi ekukhetheni imveliso, gxila kwishishini lakho.
8. Yiwuagt.com
Ukuba awunamava akho, okanye ufuna ukuthenga iimveliso zombane kubaboneleli abaninzi.Akungabazeki ukuba oku kuya kuchitha ixesha elininzi kunye nomgudu, nokuba ngaba ngumthengisi othembekileyo kunye nemveliso enenzuzo, okanye ukucubungula amaxwebhu okungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle, ukuthutha, njl. Ukuba ufuna ukugxila kwishishini lakho, unokufuna. uncedo arhente zokukhangela yobungcali - Abathengisi Union naInkampani yaseTshayina Yiwu, kunye neminyaka engama-23 yamava, inokukunceda ukuba uthengise iimveliso zombane ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye neveli evela eTshayina, kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwilizwe lakho.
Ukongeza kwezi webhusayithi zobuchwephesha, kukho iiwebhusayithi eziqhelekileyo zokubhekisa kwezi zibhalwe ngaphambili:Iiwebhusayithi ezili-11 eziluncedo zaseTshayina.
Zininzi izinto ekufuneka uzazi ngaphambi kokuba uthenge i-elektroniki eTshayina
1. Umgangatho yingqwalasela ephambili ngokupheleleyo
Ngaphambi kokuba uhambe uye kwimarike okanye ulungile, kufuneka uzise ubuchule bakho kwaye upholise amehlo akho.Kukho iimveliso ezininzi ezifanayo kumaxabiso ahlukeneyo omgangatho.Ukuba akukho buchule bunamandla, unokuthenga iimveliso ezingahambelaniyo nolindelo lwakho.Akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa ixabiso njengomgangatho wokuthengwa kwempahla, kuba nangona umgangatho wemveliso yexabiso elifanayo liya kuba lihluke, kungcono ukujonga umgangatho njengento ephambili yokuqwalaselwa.
2. Iimeko ezingqongqo emva kokuthengisa
Ezinye izinto ezincinci ozithengileyo kwiimarike, ezinje ngeethotshi, kunye nee-headphones, njl.njl., akukho nkonzo emva kokuthengisa.Nangona kunjalo, i-smart watch okanye abavukuzi be-bitcoin, njl.njl banokuba neenyanga ezimbalwa zewaranti.
Iimarike ezininzi zinemali eninzi yokuhlawula amatyala, xa ungenayo ingxaki kwangethuba emva kokuhlolwa, okanye ungajongi iimpahla zakho kwangethuba.Xa ufumana ingxaki, khangela umthengisi ngelo xesha, basenokungabikho kwindawo yabo yokuqala.
3. Iindlela ezimbini ezifumanekayo xa kufuneka
(1.) Ingqokelela egxininisiweyo yeempahla ezonakalisiweyo ithunyelwe kwiNdawo eDityanisiweyo yaseChina ukuvumela ababoneleli ukuba balungise, kwaye bagcine irhafu elandelayo.
(2) Ukuxilongwa kwevidiyo ekude, unokucela umthengisi wakho we-e ukuba athumele izixhobo okanye iinxalenye ezifunekayo ukulungisa iimveliso kwilizwe lakho.
4. Ngethuba nje ihlangabezana neemfuno ezilindelekileyo, akukho mfuneko yokufuna iimveliso zokuqala zasefektri.
E-China, abaphakathi kwimveliso ye-elektroniki babalelwa kuninzi olukhulu.Logama nje uhlangabezana neemfuno ezilindelekileyo zokuthenga kwakho, akuyomfuneko ukuba ufune kakhulu imveliso yoqobo yomzi-mveliso.Ngenxa yokuba abavelisi abaninzi baseTshayina abayi kukhuthaza iimveliso zabo kwi-intanethi okanye umboniso, ngakumbi ukuvuza kwemveliso entsha, ezinye zezithintelo kunxibelelwano lolwimi.Inkampani yokurhweba kunye neefektri ezininzi zinentsebenziswano ezinzileyo, kunokubakho amathuba amaninzi okufumana iimveliso ezintsha, kwaye utshintshiselwano luhamba kakuhle.Ngoko ke, ukusuka e-China kwi-wholesale ye-elektroniki, kufuneka uqale ubeke ingqalelo kwixabiso, umgangatho wemveliso kunye nomgangatho wenkonzo yomthengisi.Ngethuba nje ufumana umthengisi othembekileyo, unokufumana inzuzo ephezulu.
| Imigangatho yokungenisa elizweni yeemveliso ezahlukeneyo zombane | |
| Indawo | Eyona nto ifanelekileyo |
| CE isiqinisekiso | Ukuba ishishini lakho lemveliso ye-elektroniki likummandla we-EU, lo mgangatho yinto oyifunayo.Eli tywina libonisa zonke iimfuno zempilo, zokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko lwemveliso ethile ngokusebenzisa imithetho nemimiselo yaseYurophu. |
| GS测试 | Isiqinisekiso se-GS sisiqinisekiso sokuzithandela esisekelwe kuMthetho woKhuseleko lweMveliso yaseJamani (GPGS) kwaye sivavanywe ngokuhambelana nomgangatho we-European Union EN okanye umgangatho woshishino waseJamani iDIN.Luphawu olwamkelweyo lwesiqinisekiso sokhuseleko lwaseJamani kwimarike yaseYurophu. |
| FCC | Ukulinganisa uphawu lwesiqinisekiso seemveliso zombane ezenziwe okanye ezithengiswa eMelika. |
| Rohs | Ibonisa ukuba awusebenzisanga naziphi na izinto eziyingozi neziyingozi ekuveliseni iimveliso zombane. Inxulumene kakhulu neNkunkuma yoMyalelo weSixhobo soMbane kunye ne-Eletroniki (i-WEEE Directive 2012/19/EU) kwaye iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yemilinganiselo yomthetho ukujongana nokwanda kwenkunkuma ye-e.Oku kuthetha ukuba umthengisi unengxelo yovavanyo lwempahla ekrwada yemveliso yokugqibela. |
| WEEE Directive | Oku kuthetha ukuba le mveliso ye-elektroniki ihambelana nokusingqongileyo kwaye inokuphinda isetyenziswe. |
| UL | ECanada nase-United States, oku kungangqina ukuba isixhobo sombane asikho ixesha elifutshane. |
| Isiqinisekiso seCSA | Kanye njengeSatifikethi seLebhu yabaSebenzi, iCSA iyafuneka ngeenjongo zokhuseleko nokhuseleko.Ngaphandle kwezi, ukuba imveliso yakho inomlilo okanye ingozi, unokufuna ukuthwala uxanduva. |
| I-Bluetooth Technology Alliance | Ukuba imveliso yakho ye-elektroniki isebenzisa iBluetooth, kufuneka ufumane iBluetooth SIG phambi kokuba upapashe imveliso.Oku kubonisa ukuba ufikelele umgangatho weBluetooth phambi kokupapasha iimveliso. |
Uthutho lwemveliso yombane
Ukuthuthwa kweemveliso ze-elektroniki kwahlukile kwezinye iimveliso, kuba iimveliso zombane zibandakanyiwe (iibhetri, iibhetri ze-lithium, njl.)
Iimveliso eziqulethe amandla ombane zifuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ngexesha lokuthutha, ngokwenene, kukho iinkampani ezininzi ezingakwazi ukuthutha iimveliso eziqukethe iibhetri ze-lithium, okanye zifuna amaxwebhu akhethekileyo ukufumana iilayisensi zokuthutha.
Lukhetho oluhle ngokuthuthwa kweenqanawa.Ngokubanzi, kufuneka ulungiselele i-MSDS kunye neengxelo zothutho ezikhuselekileyo, ungaqhagamshelana nomthengisi wakho okanye i-arhente yokuthenga.Logama nje ingababoneleli be-elektroniki abaqeqeshiweyo, baya kulungiselelwa wena kwangethuba.
Ukusuka e-China ukungenisa iimveliso ze-elektroniki ukunikela ingqalelo ekuphuhlisweni kweemarike, umgangatho weemveliso, zonke iintlobo zamagatya olawulo, kunye nokuthutha nazo zifuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye, inzuzo efunyenweyo nayo inkulu.Ukuba ufuna ukuqalisa i-wholesale ye-electronics evela e-China, ukufuna i-arhente ethembekileyo yokukhangela lukhetho olulungileyo.Aiarhente yobungcaliinokukunceda ukusombulula zonke iingxaki zokungenisa, ezifana ne-Sellers Union, iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu CanQhagamshelana nathi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-09-2021